Describe characteristics of common at least 4 renal diseases requiring renal function tests. Evaluation of kidney function throughout the heart failure. In this section, well be discussing the normal laboratory values of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, including their indications and nursing considerations. Estimation of the gfr is used clinically to assess the degree of kidney impairment and to follow the course of the disease. Kidney glomerular filtration rate number is considered by medical professionals to be the best measure of your kidney function and it is a key indicator of renal function. Thapa and anuj walia division of pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology and nutrition, post graduate institute of medical education and research, chandigarh abstract liver function tests lft are a helpful screening tool, which are an effective modality to detect hepatic dysfunction. One of these tests is the analysis of urine, commonly known as urinalysis. Besides the blood test result other factors are factored in to determine your gfr number. Medical tests of kidney function interpretation of lab results.
Things to remember it is common to need a lot of tests if you have kidney disease. Interpretation of liver function tests lfts geeky medics. The kidney blood test results tell us the level of urea and creatinine present. Kidney function tests,values and interpretation medcrine. With proper interpretation, physicians can recognize atrisk patients, monitor their renal function, and delay or avoid the need for renal replacement therapy. Initial tests o renal function o pth o phosphate, magnesium management severe kidney function test biochemistry module biochemistry notes 16 kidney function test 16. Interpretation of renal function tests and the renal effects. Often, doctors will order more than one test at a time to get a broader picture of the. Mineralocorticoid excess, some renal tubular disorders, metabolic alkalosis, some. Glomerular filtration rate gfr describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney. Overview learning objectives assessment of renal function and renal damage in ckd assessment of tubular function diagnostic renal imaging information on the slides intended as a handoutreference. Differentiation of renal potassium loss from other causes of hypokalaemia. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 118k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Many people with kidney disease dont know that they can use their lab test results as a tool to see how well theyre doingand avoid some complications.
Blood and urine tests show how well the kidneys are doing their job and how quickly body wastes are being removed. Patient education lab values explained kidney dialysis therapy. Cockcroftgault calculation of creatinine clearance. Shedding light on renal disease overview of chronic kidney disease. You need to have your kidneys checked because you cant feel kidney disease. This video explains all kidney function tests with normal range and calculations if any. Measurement of renal function in chronic renal disease. Tests to measure kidney function, damage and detect abnormalities blood and urine tests show how well the kidneys are doing their job and how quickly body wastes are being removed. Explain the function of the kidneys and production of urine. Medical tests of kidney function interpretation of lab. This impairment is reflected in blood and urine tests. Kidney function tests usually require a 24hour urine sample and a blood test. The routine kidney blood test is a general marker of kidney function. Iohexol clearance and cystatin c serum concentration.
Initial tests o renal function o pth o phosphate, magnesium management severe kidney disease may have some or all of the following tests and measurements. A guide to thyroid function test interpretation tft interpretation, including the common tft patterns for hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Fbc electrolytes 40100 mmol24 hours varies with intake. Your health care provider will use a blood test to check your kidney function. Patients with kidney disease have few signs and symptoms early in disease course.
Creatinine should be measured in patients suspected of having, or at risk of, impaired renal function, e. These basic tests and their interpretation should be familiar to all nurses. Laboratory evaluation of kidney function arup laboratories. As kidney function is compromised, glomerular filtration and renal tubular reabsorption are impaired. Chronic kidney disease may not cause symptoms until your kidney function has dropped to a very low level. Monitor response to treatment monitor the safe and effective use of drugswhich are excreted in the urine. Interpretation of renal diagnostic tests slideshare. Pdf reliable laboratory tests for renal function are important for a the. A 24hour urine sample is a creatinine clearance test. Ppt kidney function test powerpoint presentation free to. Higher levels may be a sign that the kidneys are not working properly. Triple phosphate crystals are seen only in alkaline urine. The test results will be used to assist the healthcare team your doctor, nurses, and others in evaluating your kidney function and. Each lobe consists of a pyramid of medullary tissue, plus the cortical tissue overlying its base 392 part vi renal physiology and body fluids chronic kidney disease is usually progressive and may lead to renal.
Renal function is an indication of the kidneys condition and its role in renal physiology. Knobel, phd, rn jennifer marie smith, rn, msn, cpnp t hrough a complex network of filtration, secretion, and absorption, the kidneys are largely responsible for maintaining homeostasis in the extracellular envi. Understanding your lab values national kidney foundation. Laboratory blood tests useful in monitoring renal function. Pdf laboratory tests of renal function researchgate. The kidney has various filtration, excretion and secretary functions. Biochemical tests of renal function diseases affecting kidneys can be selectively damage glomerular or tubular function urine biochemical tests of renal function utest of glomerular function measurement of gfr clearance tests plasma creatinine blood urea utubular function tests u urinalysis dr.
Module 7understanding kidney lab tests kidney school. How well your kidneys work is called kidney function. Understanding your kidney function results kidney function, also called renal function is a common blood test to check how well your kidneys are working. Appropriate interpretation of changes in markers of kidney function is essential during the treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Kidney function test biochemistry module biochemistry notes 16 kidney function test 16. Aug 07, 20 higher levels may be a sign that the kidneys are not working properly. Assessment of renal function is important in the management of patients with kidney disease or pathologies affecting renal function. Tests to measure kidney function, damage and detect. Kidney function tests can help your doctor check your kidney function and to monitor it over time. As kidney d isease progresses, the level of creatinine in the blood increases. Specific gravity sticks measure ionic particles only, not glucose. They have a characteristic crystal shape, often referred to as coffin lids. A renal function assessment should be done prior to the start of cancer drug treatment to ensure that the patient has adequate renal function. To asses the functional capacity of kidney early detection of possible renal impairment.
Aug 25, 2018 kidney function tests are group of investigations done to evaluate the function of the kidneys. Types of renal function test 4 types biology discussion. It can also be used to monitor people who are receiving treatment for illnesses affecting the kidneys. There are no normal values for the urinary excretion of water and electrolytes data should be interpreted by consideration of the prevailing stimulus and the expected renal response. Pdf on jan 1, 2017, dm vasudevan and others published chapter25 kidney function tests find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Kidney tests are very important for people who have diabetes, high blood pressure, or heart disease. Interpretation of clinical laboratory tests date variations do exist age, sex, wt, ht, food, drugeffect, diseases, etc. Kidney function tests and interpretation of results.
Clinical examination a comprehensive collection of clinical examination osce guides that include stepbystep images of key steps, video demonstrations and pdf. Tests to measure kidney function, damage and detect abnormalities healthy kidneys remove wastes and excess fluid from the blood. Clinical significance of renal function tests flashcards. Derangement of any of these function would result in either decreased. These laboratory tests are helpful in determining the kidney function of an individual. If you have kidney disease, your health care provider will use the same two tests to help monitor your kidney disease and make sure your treatment plan is working. Thyroid function test interpretation tft interpretation. Laboratory blood tests useful in monitoring renal function in neonates robin b. Doctors also sometimes check it before or after you start a medicine that can affect your kidneys, or as part of a wellbeing check. See also the separate article on urine dipstick analysis. Jun 23, 2015 the type of measurement of kidney function performed will be determined by the reason for assessing renal activity.
Blood tests that are included in the kidney function test include measuring for creatinine and blood urea nitrogen bun. Tests of renal function have utility in identifying the presence of renal. A structured approach to the interpretation of liver function tests lfts, including examples of the common patterns of lft derangement. A renal function assessment should be done prior to the start of cancer drug treatment to ensure that the patient has adequate renal function to eliminate renally cleared drugs. If the blood test is abnormal it cannot say what is causing the kidney problem. Renal function testing american journal of kidney diseases. Urine tests can also detect whether the kidneys are leaking abnormal amounts of protein, a sign of kidney damage. Mar 27, 2012 a kidney function blood test helps check if the kidneys are functioning properly. Several blood and urine tests can provide information about your kidney function. An elevated bun, by itself, is suggestive, but not diagnostic of kidney dysfunction, because bun can be affected by other factors.
Serum creatinine is a fantastic example of how one can misinterpret renal function in the eldery renal dysfunction, pregnancy and neonate are fantastic examples of how one can misinterpret serum digoxin levels. This is achieved by the urinalysis, measurement of urinary protein excretion, and, if necessary, radiologic studies andor kidney biopsy. Renal function panel blood test for kidney function. The test also measures the level of certain salts such as potassium, chloride, sodium, and bicarbonate.
Estimation of renal function should be as accurate as possible when treating a patient with drugs that are renally eliminated or potentially nephrotoxic. The third reason is that increasingly simple techniques are available to measure the urine. Creatinine clearance rate c cr or crcl is the volume of blood plasma that is cleared of creatinine per unit time and is a useful measure for. Tests of renal function can also be utilized to identify which area of the functional unit of the kidney nephron is affected. If you have kidney disease ask your doctor which tests you will have and how often they will be done. Jun 06, 2019 kidney function tests target either the blood or urine and measure different aspects of kidney function. Recognize reference values for renal function tests. It is more common to estimate gfr by calculating crcl using the cockcroftgault formula see renal function tests. Tests of kidney function creatinine glomerular filtration rate urine albumin cystatin c urinalysis dipstick microscopic blood urea nitrogen bun osmolality urine protein urine protein electrophoresis kidney stone assessment calcium, citric acid, uric acid, oxalate. Kidney gfr chart by age and ckd stages table disabled world. Apr 10, 2020 a kidney function test is a group of laboratory tests that helps detect problems or disorders in the kidneys. In this first part of the series, we will cover common chemistry values and renal function studies. Protein intake and liver function, the test is usually done in conjunction with plasma creatinine, which is a more specific indicator of kidney function.
Historically, kidney function was primarily assessed by serum creatinine and the calculation of estimated glomerular filtration rate. Start studying clinical significance of renal function tests. Dec 31, 2016 interpretation of renal diagnostic tests christos argyropoulos md, phd, fasn university of new mexico school of medicine 2. Kidney function tests are simple blood and urine tests that check whether your kidneys are working properly by measuring the levels of markers. A renal function panel kidney function test is a common health screening used to help detect conditions affecting the kidneys. Kidney function tests are simple blood and urine tests that can help identify problems with your kidneys. A urine test checks for albumin in your urine, a sign of kidney damage. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Liver and kidney function test in gurgaon 1 next door lab is a place where you have an opportunity to sit at home and get the test done in no pain. A second reason is that certain characteristics of the kidney and renal tubular function, some only recently defined, make it possible to devise tests which will detect very small changes in tubular function. The most accurate method of assessing gfr is to method is not commonly used.
Tests that best detect abnormalities of renal function measure. Discuss estimated glomerular filtration rate gfr in relationship to creatinine and creatinine clearance tests. This pathology lab out stands in providing the facility of collecting the sample from your place and takes them to the quality labs for testing. Interpretation of renal function tests and the renal. Jan 17, 2020 kidney function tests are a group of tests performed to evaluate the overall functioning of the kidneys. Kidney function tests target either the blood or urine and measure different aspects of kidney function. Lab work, urine samples and other tests may be given as you undergo diagnosis and treatment for renal failure. Large variation between individuals with large spread of normal values. Pdf the markers of renal function test assess the normal functioning of kidneys. See the lab test interpretation table, located below this document, for normal values and interpretation tips.
When renal function is impaired, it is reflected in the blood pressure, blood chemistries, fluid balance, and general wellbeing. Chronic kidney disease ckd a progressive decline in kidney function decreased filtration progresses to end stage renal disease dialysis or kidney transplant definition. Understanding your lab values people who develop chronic kidney disease may have some or all of the following tests and measurements. The human kidney is organized into a series of lobes,usually 8 to 10 in number. Here, commonly used laboratory tests of renal function are discussed, including glomerular filtration rate gfr, creatinine clearance, serum creatinine concentration estimation of gfr, cystatin c assay, serum urea concentration, urinalysis, free water clearance and endocrine changes in renal disease. A blood test checks your gfr, which tells how well your kidneys are filtering.